Grinding and polishing machine



May 20 1924.

J. E. GIRARD GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed May 27. 1920 2Sheets-Sheet 1 -/ATTORNEYS x May 20, 1924. 1,495,018 J. E. GIRARDGRINDING AND POLISHING MAGHINE Filed May 27', 1920 2 Sheets8heet 3 MATTORNEY lN NTOR Patented May 20, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.rosnrnn. GIRARD, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, AssIsNoR or ONE-HALF To osoARo.

. sMI'rH, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK. I

G INDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

Application filed May 27, 1920. Serial'No. 384,691.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH E. GIRARD, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grinding andPolishing Machines, of which the following is a specification. I

The present inventionrelates to grinding and polishing machines and moreparticularly to the type in which a pair of tools is provided, suchtools being rotatable while in cooperation and one of said tools havinga traversing movement toward and from the axis of rotation of the othertool, an object of this invention being to provide a machine which maybe used for grinding spherical, cylindrical. or toric lenses of high orlow curvature without changing any of the parts other than the tools.Another object of the invention is to provide a construction in whichthe pressure between the tools will be exertedevenly throughout theentire relative movement of the tools so that the grinding or polishingaction. will be properly distributed over the entire face of the lap. Afurther object of the invention is toprovide for changing the throw ofthe traversing movement of the tools sothat the greater wear may beplaced upon any part of the tools or lens at will. A still furtherobjectis to provide a machine of simple and inexpensive construction. 7

To these and other ends the invention consists of certain parts andcombinations of parts, all of which will be hereinafter described, thenovel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front view of a grinding and polishing machine constructedin accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a rear view of the upper portion of the machine;

Fig, 3 is a section on the line 33, Fig. 4:

Fig. 4: is a section on the line 4-4, Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the machine adjusted for grindingfiat lenses; and v Fig. 6 is a; diagrammatic view, showing the machineadjusted for grinding concave lenses. 1 v I In theillustrated'embodimentof the invention, l'indicates the lower tool and 2 the upper tool. Inthis instance, the lower tool isa grinding or polishing element whilethe upper tool has the lens 3 secured thereto in the usual manner. Thelower tool is detachably supported on the upper end of a spindle 1 whichis journalled in a stationary main framej', whereas theupper tool has arockingconnection 6 with-the lower end of a spindle 7 journalled in aframe 8" which may partake of two movements, one. about an axis parallelto the axis ofrot'ation of the spindle in order to move the tool 2toward and from the center of rotation ofthe tool 1 and the other aboutanaxis at right angles to'the axis ofturningof the spindle; 4:, thislast named axis preferably intersecting the axis of the spindle 4 at apoint in the plane of the effective face of the tool 1 at such axis. Theadvantage of this last named arrangement is that it is possible to exertpressure between the tools in a line which will be substantially radialto that portion of the lowertool whichis substantially midway betweenthe axis and the outer edge of the tool as shown in Fig. 6 of thedrawings;

ith the purpose in view of obtaining the foregoing movemen'ts of theframe 8,

the latter has a depending sleeve 9' mounted to turn on anupstanding'sleeve 10 on an intermediate frame 11, the lower end o'f' thesleeve 9 having a flange 12 resting in an annular pocket 13 formed inthe frame 11 about thejsleeve 10, said flange preferably being held inthis pocket by adet achable ring 14:. The intermediate framev 11 has twodepending lugs 15. which by pivot and securing bolts 16 connect withlugs 17 projected upwardly from the frame 5, the'bolts 16 being inalignment with the axis intersecting the axis of the tool 1 attheworking face of said tool to permit the spindle 7 to be adjusted andheld at different angles with reference to the spindle 4 so thatpressure on the work may beproperly distributed.

The spindles 4 and 7 are preferably driven by a pulley 18 secured tothespindle 4 which also has a gear wheel 19 keyed thereto and meshing withan idler 20, the latter in turn' meshing with a gear 21ion the countershaft 22. This counter shaft is formed in two'sec- 1 tions ,conneotedbya universal joint 23 arranged in line with the pivotal-bolts 16, theupper section being journalled in the frame 11 and extending throughthesleeve 10, its upper end being provided with a gear 24 meshing With anidler journalled on the, frame 8. The idler 25 meshes with a gear 26keyed to the spindle 7 in such a manner that the spindle 7 is permittedto move longitudinally in such gear 26. The gears '19, 20, 21, 24, 25and 26 are of such diameters that the axial speed of rotation of thespindle 4 is the same as that of the spindle, 7. This driving connectionpermits the frame 11 to be, adjusted on the pivot bolts 16 withoutinterfering with the drive in any way whatsoever.

F or the purpose of swinging the frame 8 about the upper section of thecounter shaft 22 as an'axis,.said frame has an arm 27 clamped about itsdepending sleeve 9 and pivotally vconnected at 28 tov a link 29 which inturn is secured by a bolt 30 to an eccentric point .on a disk 31. Thisdisk has a number, of openings 31*. situated at different distances fromits rotating center and adapted to receive the bolt .30 so that thethrow of the disk maybe varied'and in this way the swinging action ofthe frame 8'about its axis parallel with the spindle 7 may. be changedin order that the traversing move ment of'the upper tool on the lowertool may in. turn be varied. The disk-31 is. preferably supported on theupper end of a shaft 32 journalled in the frame ll. and having a wormwheel, 33 at its lower end engaged by'a. worm 34 on a, shaft 35,,saidshaft also carrying a bevel gear 36-which meshes with r a bevel gear 37on the upper section of the counter shaft 22. In this way the traversingmovement of the tool 2 is obtained from the pulley Sfwhich. also drivesthe spindle 4, thus establishing a time relation between the rotationof. the tools and the traversing movement. 7 V

7 With the purpose in viewof holding the tools together with yieldingpressure, a tubular housing 38 is projected upwardly from the frame 8and is closed by a cap 39 which is externally threaded and engagesinternal threadsin the tubular projection 38.

' A helical spring 40surrounds the shaft of the spindle7 within thetubular: projection 38 and has one end'abutting the cap or bushing 39and the other end abutting a collar 4-1 which bears againstanti-friction balls 42 supported on the flange 43 of the spindle 7. 'Itis apparent that the adjustment of. the cap 39 will vary the compressionof the spring 40 and in this way var ithe pressure with which the tool2' cooperates with the tool ,1. With the purpose in view of permittingthe tool 2, to be moved away from the tool 1, a lever leis pivoted at45' to thecap 39 and has a bifurcated end 46 which lies below a nut 47on the upper end of thefspindle 7 Downwardpressure on the outer end ofthe lever a-will move the spindle 7 axially against the spring 40 andpermit thetool 2 to be detached from'the ment of the spindle 7 towardthe tool 1' after the tool 2 has been removed.

The operation of the invention "will be understood from the foregoing,but it may be summarized as follows:

Tools of proper curvature are connected to the spindles 4 and 7 andthereafter the frame 11 is adjusted through the bolts 16 so that theaxis of the shaft 7 will be per-e pendicular to that portion of thelower tool which is midway between the axis of said lower tool and theouter peripheryof such tool. The screw 30 is connected to that openingof the disk 31 which'will give to the tool the desired traversingmovement. s Upon the starting of the machine, the tools 1 and 2 willrotate in the same direction and at will swing toward and from the axisof the tool 1. Should it be found that the traversing movement of thetool 2 produces wear upon the tool or the lens at one point of themovement, the traversingmovement is varied by shifting the arm 27 on thedepending sleeve 9 through the collar on the inner end of the arm, saidcollar being held in: its adjusted position by the set screw 27 whichwill counteract the unequal wear. To vary the length of the traversingmovement for tools of different diameters, the screw 30 is fitted inthe, desired opening31, Owing to the fact that the frame'8 is adjustableabout an ax'isat right angles to the axes of rotation of both of thetools, such axis'intersecting such, axes at the surface being ground orpolished, it is possible to exert pressure between the tools in a linewhich will intersect the curved face radial to a point midway betweenthecenter of the polishing or grinding tool on the outer edge of such tool,thus reducing unequal wearin. grinding or polishing to a minimum. Thetraversing movement of the tool may be varied in length so that thegrinding operation may The. ma chine as a whole is simple in operationand be confined to any desired area.

inexpensive to manufacture.

VVha-t I vclaim as my invention and desire for supporting-said secondframeito permit it to be adjusted relatively to the first named frameabout an axis at right angles to the axis of turning of the tool on themain frame and intersecting the center of such toolata:point-[substantiallyin aplane with the operative face of, the tootanddriv- 'ing connection-between the tools causing them to rotate at thesame axial speed.

2. A lens grinding and polishing machine comprising a pair ofrotary,tools,'a main frame on which one of said tools turns, a frame onwhich the other tool turns, means for supporting said second frame topermit it to be adjusted relatively to the first named frame about anaxis at right. angles to the axis of turning of the tool on the mainframe and intersecting the center of such tool at a point substantiallyin a plane with the operative face of the tool, means for swinging thesecond frame about an axis parallelwith the axis of rotation of the toolon said swinging frame and driving connection between the tools causingthem to rotate at the same'axial speed.

3. A lens grinding and polishing machine comprising a pair of rotarytools, two frames, means for adjusting one frame with reference to theother frame so that the angle of the axis of turning of one toolwithreference to the axis of turning of the other tool may be changed, meansshifting one tool back and forth with reference to the other tool in aplane at right angles to the axis of turning of the shifted tool, anddriving connections between the tools causing them to rotate at the sameaxial speed.

4. A lens grinding or polishing machine comprising a pair of rotarytools, a main frame on which one of said tools turns a second frame onwhich the other tool turns, mounted to turn about an axis parallel withthe axis of turning of the tool carried thereby, and an intermediateframe on which said second mentioned frame turns, said intermediateframe being mounted to swing about an axis at right angles to the axisof turning of the tool on the main frame, and driving connection betweenthe tools embodying a shaft having two sections and a universal jointbetween the sections, one of said sections being journalled in the firstmentioned frame and the other of said sections being journalled in theintermediate frame.

5. A lens grinding or polishing machine comprising a pair of rotarytools, a main frame on which one of said tools turns a second frame onwhich the other tool turns, mounted to turn about an axis parallel withthe axis of turning of the tool carried thereby, an intermediate frameon which said second mentioned frame turns, said intermediate framebeing mounted to swing about an axis at right angles to the axis ofturning of the tool on the main frame, driving connection between thetoolsembodying a shaft having two sections and a universal joint betweenthe sections, one of said sections being journalled in the firstmentioned frame and the other of said sections being journalled in theintermediate frame, and a driving connection between the upper sectionof said shaft and the second mentioned frame for swinging the latter onthe intermediate frame.

6. A grinding or polishing machine comprising a pair of rotary tools, amain frame.

on which one of said tools turns, a second frame on which the other ofsaid tools turns, an intermediatefranie pivotally connected to the mainframe to swing about an axis at right angles to the axis of turning ofthe tool on said frame, said intermediate frame having a sleeveprojecting upwardly therefrom and forming a bearing on which the secondframe may turn about an axis. parallel with the axis of rotation of thetool on the second frame, and a driving connection between the toolsembodying a shaft having two sections and a universal joint, one of thesections turning in the main frame and the other turning in the sleeveof the intermediate frame, the universal joint being situated in linewith the axis about which the intermediate frame is adjustable on themain frame.

7. A lens grinding or polishing machine comprising a pair of rotarytools, a main frame on which one of said tools turns, a

carried thereby, an intermediate frame on which the second mentionedframe turns, said intermediate frame being mounted to turn about an axisat right angles to the axis of turning of the tool of the secondmentioned frame, means for oscillating the second mentioned frame on theintermediate frame, said means being mounted upon the intermediate frameso as to shiftwith said frame in all adjusting positions of the latterand driving connection between the tools causing them to rotate at thesome axial speed.

JOSEPH E. GIRARD.

